比较级

形容词/副词比较级

  1. 常规单音节词 -er
    • fast -> faster
    • small -> smaller
    • nice -> nicer
    • large -> larger（删除词尾不发音的 e）
  2. -y -> -ier
    • busy -> busier
    • pretty -> prettier
  3. 短元音 + 辅音：重写辅音 -er
    • big -> bigger
    • hot -> hotter
  4. 多音节： more +
    • diffcult -> more difficult
    • interesting -> more interesting
    • careful /kɛəful/ -> more careful
  5. -y 二音节词（-ly副词除外）：常不加 more
    • busy -> busier
    • pretty -> prettier
    • quickly -> more quickly
  6. 特殊
    • much/many -> more
    • little -> less
    • good/well -> better
    • bad -> worse

代词比较级

  • more
  • less

比较级修饰

  • a little/ a bit + 比较级 更…一点
  • much / a lot / far + 比较级 更…得多

英语常见词用法

open/close 静态和动态

open

  1. When do you open(v.)? 强调动态，时间点
    • We are open at 9 every day.
  2. When are you open(adj.)? 强调静态，时间段
    • We are open from 9 to 6 every day.

close

  • close v. 动态
  • closed adj. 静态

示例

  1. When do you close?
    • We close at 12 am.
  2. When are you closed?
    • We are closed from 10 pm to 10 am.

each/every 都加单数

  • each 强调个体
  • every 强调整体都

都加单数

start/stop doing sth.

开始/停止做某事。

  • Don’t stop learning!
  • I’ll stop talking now.
  • My nose won’t stop running.(I have a runny nose.)

record 动词和名词读音不同

  • v. /riˈkɔːd/ 记录录制
  • cn. /ˈrekɔːd/ 记录

英语单词前后缀

-ed adj vs -ing adj.

  • -ed adj.: sb. 感觉如何
  • -ing adj.: sth. 如何

interested / interesting

  • Are you interested?

excited / exciting

  • The TV series is so exciting

co- 前缀：联合、共同

  • co-writer
  • co-worker

ache /eik/ cn. 疼痛 -> 后缀: -ache

  • have a headache /had/
  • have an earache /iə/
  • have a stomachache /ˈstʌmək/
  • have an ache in the nose /neuz/

-ness 名字后缀

  • sick adj. -> sickness n.
  • ill adj. -> illness n.

-er/-ress/-ist 表示职业的后缀

-er

  • customer
  • driver

-ist

  • receptionist

-ress 通常表示女性

  • actor -> actress
  • waiter -> waitress

单复数

a + 复数

  • a roast chicken wings
    • an order of rost chicken wings
    • a piece of chicken wings
    • a box of chicken wings
    • a portion of chicken wings

staff 没有复数形式

  • We have a staff of 100.
  • We have 100 staff.

超过一个即复数

  • one and a half hours

名字前面不加 the

  • at the airport
  • at JFK airport
  • at the JFK airport

英语花费

take sb. + 时间 + to do sth.

sb. 处于被动

  • It usually takes two hours to finish my homework.

sb. spend + 时间 + on sth.

sb. 处于主动

  • You’ll have to spend 20 more minutes on the trip.

花钱

  • I will spend a little more on it.
  • It will cost me a little more.

英语支付

pay 付款

支付方式决定了介词的使用，现金使用 in ，支付方式使用 by/with，如果是信用卡则使用 by，特指某一张信用卡则用 with：

  • pay in cash
  • pay by credit card
  • pay with a credit card
  • pay by Alipay/WeChat
  • pay with Alipay/WithChat

charge 记账

  • charge … to … 算到 … 的账上

charge 要价

I’m going to charge you $20 for the cleaning.

英语倍数

  • double
  • triple
  • times （至少 2 倍）
    • increase by … times 上涨…倍
    • by up 随意口语
    • by 程度